UN38.3 Battery Testing Items

UN38.3 refers to Section 38.3 of Part 3 of the United Nations Manual of Tests and Criteria for the Transport of Dangerous Goods, specifically designed for the transport of dangerous goods. This requires lithium batteries to pass altitude simulation, high and low temperature cycling, vibration testing, shock testing, 55°C external short circuit testing, impact testing, overcharge testing, and forced discharge testing before transport to ensure safe transport. If the lithium battery is not installed with the equipment, it must also pass a 1.2-meter free-fall test.



UN38.3 certification typically refers to the lithium battery passing the UN38.3 test report and obtaining an aviation safety certificate from one of the 13 certification companies authorized by the Civil Aviation Administration of China. Therefore, UN38.3 certification usually includes both a UN38.3 report and an aviation safety certificate.


Which products require UN38.3 certification?


1. Various power lithium secondary batteries (e.g., batteries for electric vehicles, electric road vehicles, power tools, hybrid vehicles, etc.)


2. Various mobile phone batteries (e.g., lithium-ion batteries, lithium polymer batteries, etc.)


3. Various small secondary batteries (e.g., laptop batteries, digital camera batteries, camcorder batteries, various cylindrical batteries, wireless communication batteries, portable DVD batteries, CD and MP3 player batteries, etc.)


4. Various primary batteries (e.g., lithium manganese batteries, etc.)


What are the UN38.3 testing items for batteries?


T.1, Altitude Simulation Test


Under pressure ≤11.6kPa and temperature 20±5℃.


T.2, Thermal Test


High and low temperature shock tests are conducted at 72±2℃ and -40±2℃, with storage time at the extreme temperature ≥6h, high and low temperature transition time ≤30min, 10 shock cycles, and storage at room temperature (20±5℃) for 24h.


T.3 Vibration Test


Complete one reciprocating logarithmic sweep sinusoidal vibration from 7Hz to 200Hz within 15 minutes, and complete 12 vibrations in three dimensions within 3 hours. The logarithmic sweep is as follows:


① For battery cells and small batteries: Start at 7Hz and maintain a maximum acceleration of 1gn until the frequency reaches 18Hz. Then maintain the amplitude at 0.8mm (total offset 1.6mm) and increase the frequency until the maximum acceleration reaches 8gn (frequency approximately 50Hz). Maintain the maximum acceleration at 8gn until the frequency increases to 200Hz.


② For large batteries: Start at 7Hz and maintain a maximum acceleration of 1gn until the frequency reaches 18Hz. Then maintain the amplitude at 0.8mm (total offset 1.6mm) and increase the frequency until the maximum acceleration reaches 2gn (frequency approximately 25Hz). Maintain the maximum acceleration at 2gn until the frequency increases to 200Hz.


T.4 Impact Test


150g, 6ms or 50g, 11ms half-sine impact, 3 times in each mounting direction, for a total of 18 times.


T.5 External Short Circuit Test


Short circuit at 55±2℃ with external resistance <0.1Ω, the short circuit lasts until 1 hour after the battery temperature returns to 55±2℃.


T.6 Collision/Squeezing


Collision (applicable to cylindrical batteries with a diameter greater than 20mm)


① A 9.1kg weight is dropped from a height of 61±2.5cm onto a battery with a 15.8mm round rod, and the battery surface temperature is measured. Squeezing (applicable to prismatic, pouch, hard bi/button batteries and cylindrical batteries with a diameter not exceeding 20mm).


② A 13KN force is applied to the two widest parallel surfaces of the battery.


T.7 Overcharge Test


Overcharge the battery for 24 hours at twice the maximum continuous charging current and twice the maximum charging voltage. T.8 Forced Discharge Test


The battery is connected in series with a 12V DC power supply and forced to discharge at the maximum discharge current.


What are the criteria for determining whether the test is qualified?


1. T.1 - T.4 No leakage, no venting, no disintegration, no cracking, no fire; open circuit voltage not lower than 90% of the pre-test voltage.


2. T.5 - T.6 Surface temperature not exceeding 170℃; no disintegration, no cracking, no fire within 6 hours of the test.


3. T.7 - T.8 No disintegration, no fire within 7 days after the test.

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